心理护理联合针灸对急性脑梗死后吞咽困难患者的影响研究

目的研究心理护理联合针灸对急性脑梗死后吞咽困难患者的影响。方法患者资料自临床住院患者中获取,入院治疗时间均是2018年2月—2019年2月,患者共计100例,盲选法均分患者,对照组、观察组各50例,对照组行常规康复联合针灸治疗,观察组则在对照组基础上增加心理护理,对比指标选择:有效率、负性情绪、吞咽困难评分。结果观察组治疗之后有效率为94.00%,高于对照组80.00%;观察组HAMD、SAS评分在治疗前对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在治疗后评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组吞咽功能评分治疗前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对于急性脑梗死后吞咽困难患者开展心理护理联合针灸治疗,整体有效率提升,负性情绪改善,有效控制吞咽困难疾病症状,治疗效果理想。     

Epileptogenic modulation index and synchronization in hypsarrhythmia of West syndrome secondary to perinatal arterial ischemic stroke

ObjectivePerinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is associated with epileptic spasms of West syndrome (WS) and long term Focal epilepsy (FE). The mechanism of epileptogenic network generation causing hypsarrhythmia of WS is unknown. We hypothesized that Modulation index (MI) [strength of phase-amplitude coupling] and Synchronization likelihood (SL) [degree of connectivity] could interrogate the epileptogenic network in hypsarrhythmia of WS secondary to PAIS.MethodsWe analyzed interictal scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in 10 WS and 11 FE patients with unilateral PAIS. MI between gamma (30–70 Hz) and slow waves (3–4 Hz) was calculated to measure phase-amplitude coupling. SL between electrode pairs was analyzed in 9-frequency bands (5-delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) to examine inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity.ResultsMI was higher in affected hemispheres in WS (p = 0.006); no differences observed in FE. Inter-hemispheric SL of 3-delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma bands was significantly higher in WS (p < 0.001). In WS, modified Z-Score of intra-hemispheric SL values in 3-delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma in the affected hemispheres were significantly higher than those in the unaffected hemispheres (p < 0.001) as well as 0.5–4 Hz (p = 0.004).ConclusionsThe significantly higher modulation in affected hemisphere and stronger inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity generate hypsarrhythmia of WS secondary to PAIS.SignificanceEpileptogenic cortical-subcortical transcallosal networks from affected hemisphere post-PAIS provokes infantile spasms.     

Distributive differences of P2Xs between the forelimb and hind limb of adjuvant arthritis rats and intervention by Notopterygh rhizoma et radix

Context: Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H. T. Chang (Umbelliferae) (NI) specializes in treatment of upper limb rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the exact mechanism is unclear. P2Xs are useful targets for inflammatory pain therapy. It led us to hypothesize that NI may preferentially act on particular P2Xs and these receptors may be unevenly distributed in the upper/lower limb.

Objective: To investigate P2Xs distribution in the upper/lower limb and NI's targets in upper limb RA.

Materials and methods: The SD rats were randomized into 11 groups of 10 animals each. Eight experimental groups were established by the injection of 0.1?mL FCA into the plantar surface of rat paw. Three control groups suffered the same volume of saline. The articular cavities were then taken on the seventh day to detect P2Xs expression. NI (3?g/kg) and prednisone (10?mg/kg) were respectively given by oral gavage once daily for 14?d. The swelling degree and P2Xs were evaluated individually.

Results: In normal rats, the expressions of P2X₃ and P2X₆ in forelimb were markedly higher than that of in hind limb (P?1, P2X₃, P2X₄, P2X₅ and P2X₇ were increased significantly (P?3. In NI treatment rats, swelling degree of the 7th/14th day in forelimb was 68.24%/38.89%, whereas that of in hind limb was 88.72%/79.92%. P2X₃ mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced as contrasted with the control group (P?Conclusions: P2X₃ receptor was predominantly expressed in the forelimb RA rat. NI relieved the FCA-induced RA by inhibiting upper limb’s P2X₃ receptor.     

抑木扶土法治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的理论及临床探讨

[目的]探讨抑木扶土法治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion,RVO-ME)的理论依据及临床疗效。[方法]根据RVO-ME病程迁延、反复发作的特点,通过"土虚木乘""木旺乘土"两个方面,阐述抑木扶土法治疗RVO-ME的理论依据,并阐明抑木扶土方——逍络方的组方意义,举病案佐证。[结果]RVO-ME与肝郁、脾虚有关,临床应用逍络方抑木扶土、活血化瘀治疗效果明显;通过案例证明逍络方能够减轻RVO-ME患者黄斑水肿,提高最佳矫正视力,且长期疗效良好。[结论]抑木扶土法治疗RVO-ME疗效明显,临床应用前景良好,为RVO-ME的治疗提供了新方法。     

A 4‐year follow‐up case of extrusive luxation in a patient with cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition caused by brain damage before, during, or shortly after birth. Communication can be a challenge when treating patients with CP. Some patients can communicate verbally, while others use augmentative alternative communication tools or have individualized means of communication. Therefore, professional dental treatment in individuals with CP is challenging, especially if the patient is affected by dental trauma and requires emergency treatment. This report shows how individualized communication skills assessment allowed us to successfully manage a 9‐year‐old patient with CP, who suffered extrusive luxation of the permanent lower incisor. In the present case, the teeth were repositioned briefly after the trauma had occurred and then stabilized with a flexible splint according to international guidelines. The teeth remained vital and periodontal repair was observed during the 4‐year follow‐up.     

Late outcomes of strategic arch resection in acute type A aortic dissection

Objective

To compare perioperative and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing hemiarch and aggressive arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).

The Impact of Covert Lacunar Infarcts and White Matter Hyperintensities on Cognitive and Motor Outcomes After Stroke

Background and Aims

In addition to overt stroke lesions, co-occurring covert lesions, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and covert lacunar infarcts (CLI), contribute to poststroke outcome. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between covert lesions, and motor and cognitive outcomes in individuals with chronic stroke.

活血化瘀方联合针灸治疗对脑梗后遗症患者脑血管血液流变动力学及神经功能的影响

目的:探讨血化瘀方联合针灸治疗对脑梗后遗症患者脑血管血液流变动力学及神经功能的影响。方法:选取2016年1月至2017年1月沈阳市第二中医医院收治脑梗后遗症患者120例作为研究对象,对照组61例患者接受针灸治疗;观察组59例患者接受活血化瘀方联合针灸治疗。2组连续治疗30 d。比较2组患者脑血流流变学指标、神经功能评分、中医证候积分、临床疗效。结果:治疗前2组患者脑部平均血流速度、左侧椎动脉血流量、右侧椎动脉血流量、基底动脉血流量比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。治疗后观察组患者脑部平均血流速度、左侧椎动脉血流量、右侧椎动脉血流量、基底动脉血流量大于对照组(P 0. 05)。治疗前2组患者NIHSS评分、MMSE评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。治疗后观察组患者NIHSS评分显著低于对照组,MMSE评分高于对照组(P 0. 05)。治疗前2组患者头晕目眩、语言謇涩、半身不遂、患侧麻木、舌苔白腻证候评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。治疗后研究患者头晕目眩、语言謇涩、半身不遂、患侧麻木、舌苔白腻证候评分显著低于对照组(P 0. 05)。2组患者临床疗效比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-5. 626,P=0. 000)。结论:活血化瘀方联合针灸能改善脑梗后遗症患者脑血管血液流变动力学指标,保护神经功能。     

缺血后处理对脑缺血大鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的研究缺血后处理(IP)对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后的学习和记忆能力的影响,探讨各组大鼠脑缺血再灌注后海马CA1区β淀粉样蛋白前体(APP)表达。方法将48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组:假手术组、对照组和缺血后处理组(IP组),每组16只大鼠。术后用Morris水迷宫方法测定大鼠认知记忆能力变化。3组大鼠脑组织切片行HE染色和APP染色,并行统计学分析。结果 Morris水迷宫试验显示,对照组大鼠训练第1~4天逃避潜伏期长于IP组(P 0. 01);跨越原平台次数IP组明显多于对照组(P 0. 05)。HE染色结果显示,对照组大鼠海马CA1区神经元细胞脱失明显,而IP可减轻这种形态学改变。免疫组化结果显示,在脑缺血再灌注144 h后对照组中APP表达明显高于假手术组(P 0. 01); IP组海马CA1区APP表达较对照组减少(P 0. 05)。结论缺血后处理可通过抑制APP的表达改善缺血再灌注后大鼠的记忆减退。